How to Hike Battery McKinnon from San Francisco

Located on the rugged northern edge of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, Battery McKinnon is a lesser-known but profoundly rewarding destination for hikers seeking history, solitude, and panoramic coastal views. Though often overshadowed by more famous trails like Lands End or the Presidio’s Main Post, Battery McKinnon offers a unique blend of military heritage, wild terrain, and unobstructed vistas of the Pacific Ocean and the Golden Gate Bridge. For those in San Francisco looking to escape the urban bustle without traveling far, this hike delivers an immersive experience that combines natural beauty with architectural intrigue.

Battery McKinnon was constructed in the early 20th century as part of the coastal defense system designed to protect the entrance to San Francisco Bay. Today, its concrete emplacements, underground tunnels, and rusted artillery mounts stand as silent sentinels over the cliffs, offering hikers a tangible connection to America’s military past. The trail to Battery McKinnon is not heavily marked, which adds to its allure for seasoned explorers, but also demands preparation and awareness. This guide provides a comprehensive, step-by-step walkthrough for safely and successfully reaching Battery McKinnon from various points in San Francisco, along with best practices, essential tools, real-world examples, and answers to frequently asked questions.

Whether you’re a local seeking a weekend escape or a visitor looking to experience San Francisco beyond the typical tourist trails, understanding how to navigate to Battery McKinnon unlocks one of the city’s most authentic and atmospheric outdoor experiences.

Step-by-Step Guide

Option 1: Starting from the Golden Gate Bridge Parking Area (Most Common Route)

This route is ideal for those arriving by car or using public transit to the Golden Gate Bridge Visitor Center. It’s the most direct and frequently used path to Battery McKinnon, offering a moderate 2.5-mile round trip with approximately 400 feet of elevation gain.

Step 1: Begin at the Golden Gate Bridge Parking Lot
Park at the designated visitor lot near the Golden Gate Bridge Welcome Center (GPS: 37.8199° N, 122.4783° W). If you’re using public transportation, take the Muni 28 bus to the “Golden Gate Bridge Toll Plaza” stop. From there, walk east along the sidewalk toward the bridge’s pedestrian path entrance.

Step 2: Enter the Golden Gate National Recreation Area Trail System
Cross under the bridge via the pedestrian walkway, staying on the right-hand side (facing the ocean). After approximately 0.3 miles, you’ll pass the iconic bridge towers and enter the open grasslands of the Presidio. Continue straight on the paved path, ignoring the signs pointing toward the bridge’s south end or Crissy Field.

Step 3: Turn Left at the Battery Spencer Trail Junction
At the 0.7-mile mark, you’ll encounter a fork in the trail. Take the left-hand path marked for “Battery Spencer” and “Battery McKinnon.” This trail becomes gravel and begins to climb gently. Watch for small wooden signs with faded lettering — they’re easy to miss.

Step 4: Follow the Coastal Trail Through the Dunes
The next 0.8 miles traverse a windswept, semi-arid landscape dotted with native grasses, coastal sage, and occasional eucalyptus groves. Stay on the main trail — avoid shortcuts through the vegetation, as this can damage fragile dune ecosystems. You’ll pass a small overlook with a bench at the 1.2-mile mark, offering your first distant view of the Pacific.

Step 5: Descend Toward the Concrete Emplacements
At approximately 1.5 miles, the trail dips sharply downhill toward a cluster of low concrete structures. This is Battery McKinnon. Look for the rusted 10-inch disappearing gun mount and the remains of the magazine and observation post. The site is fenced for safety, but you can walk around the perimeter and explore the ruins from designated paths.

Step 6: Return the Same Way
To complete the hike, retrace your steps back to the parking area. The return journey takes about 45–60 minutes, depending on your pace and how long you spend exploring the battery. Consider bringing a flashlight if you plan to enter any of the partially collapsed tunnels — though caution is advised, as structural integrity is compromised.

Option 2: Starting from the Presidio Main Post (Longer, More Scenic Route)

This 4.5-mile round-trip option is perfect for hikers who want to experience the full breadth of the Presidio’s historic landscape before reaching Battery McKinnon. It takes approximately 2.5–3 hours and is ideal for those with more time and a desire for cultural context.

Step 1: Start at the Presidio Main Post
Park at the Presidio Visitor Center (60 Moraga Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129) or take the Presidio Go shuttle to the Main Post. Begin your hike on the paved path heading west toward the Presidio’s historic parade ground.

Step 2: Follow the Main Post Trail to the Coastal Trail
Walk past the Presidio Officers’ Club and the Walt Disney Family Museum. Continue west on the main trail until you reach the intersection with the Coastal Trail near the Presidio’s southern boundary. Turn right onto the Coastal Trail — this path runs parallel to the cliffs.

Step 3: Pass the Golden Gate Bridge Overlook
After 1.2 miles, you’ll reach a viewpoint with interpretive signs detailing the bridge’s construction. Pause here to photograph the bridge and the bay. Continue straight on the Coastal Trail, now marked with small brown signs for “Battery McKinnon.”

Step 4: Ascend Through the Eucalyptus Grove
The trail climbs steadily through a dense eucalyptus forest. The scent of the trees and the rustling leaves create a tranquil atmosphere. After 0.6 miles, the forest thins, and you’ll emerge onto open grassland. Look for a cairn (rock pile) on the right — this marks the junction to Battery McKinnon.

Step 5: Navigate the Final Ridge to the Battery
The last 0.4 miles are the most exposed and scenic. The trail winds along the cliff edge with sweeping views of the Pacific. You’ll pass the remnants of a World War II radar station before descending into the battery complex. The structure is clearly visible from the trail — look for the large concrete gun platform with two circular emplacements.

Step 6: Return via the Same Route
The return trip offers a different perspective as the light changes. Consider bringing a jacket — the wind on the ridge can be strong even on warm days.

Option 3: Starting from Lands End (For the Adventurous)

This 6-mile round-trip route is for experienced hikers who want to combine two of San Francisco’s most iconic trails. It’s the most physically demanding but offers unparalleled views and a true sense of wilderness.

Step 1: Begin at the Lands End Lookout
Park at the Lands End parking lot or take the 38 bus to the “Lands End” stop. Start on the Lands End Trail, heading north along the cliff edge.

Step 2: Follow the Coastal Trail North
Continue past the Sutro Baths ruins and the Labyrinth. After 1.8 miles, you’ll pass the mile marker for the Golden Gate Bridge. The trail becomes less defined here — use a GPS app to stay on course.

Step 3: Connect to the Coastal Trail via the Golden Gate Bridge Approach
At the 2.5-mile mark, the Lands End Trail merges with the Coastal Trail. Turn left and follow signs toward Battery McKinnon. This section is the most challenging due to loose gravel and steep inclines.

Step 4: Descend to Battery McKinnon
The final 1.2 miles follow the same path as Option 1. The reward is the same: solitude, history, and a breathtaking vista of the ocean meeting the Golden Gate.

Step 5: Return via Lands End or Take a Shuttle
To avoid backtracking, consider taking the Presidio Go shuttle from the Main Post back to Lands End. Check schedules in advance — service is limited on weekdays.

Best Practices

Hiking to Battery McKinnon requires more than just physical stamina — it demands respect for the environment, awareness of safety hazards, and a mindful approach to historical preservation. Below are best practices to ensure your hike is safe, sustainable, and deeply rewarding.

Plan for Weather and Wind

The coastal climate here is notoriously unpredictable. Even on a sunny morning in San Francisco, fog can roll in rapidly, reducing visibility to near zero. Temperatures on the cliffs can drop 15–20°F below downtown levels. Always carry a windproof, water-resistant jacket, even in summer. Layering is essential: start with a moisture-wicking base, add a fleece or insulated mid-layer, and top it off with a shell.

Wind is a constant companion on this trail. Gusts exceeding 30 mph are common, especially in spring and fall. Avoid carrying loose items like hats or scarves that can be easily blown away. Secure all gear in a backpack with chest and waist straps.

Stay on Designated Trails

Battery McKinnon sits within a fragile coastal ecosystem. Off-trail hiking damages native plants like beach aster and dune tansy, and can destabilize eroding cliffs. Stick to marked paths even if they appear worn or overgrown. Shortcuts may save a few minutes but contribute to long-term environmental degradation.

Additionally, the concrete structures are not maintained for public access. Many tunnels and chambers have collapsed or contain hazardous materials. Do not enter enclosed spaces. The site is protected under the National Historic Landmark designation — respect its integrity by observing from a distance.

Bring Adequate Water and Snacks

There are no water fountains, restrooms, or vending machines along the trail. Carry at least 2 liters of water per person, even for short hikes. Electrolyte tablets or salted nuts can help prevent cramping on the steep sections. Pack energy bars, trail mix, or fruit for sustained energy.

Wear Proper Footwear

The trail surface varies from packed dirt to loose gravel, exposed roots, and uneven concrete. Trail running shoes with aggressive treads are ideal. Avoid sneakers with smooth soles or flip-flops — the risk of slipping on wet rocks or loose scree is high, especially near the cliff edges.

Use Navigation Tools

Cell service is unreliable in this area. Do not rely solely on your phone’s GPS. Download offline maps using apps like Gaia GPS, AllTrails, or Google Maps (download the route before you leave). A physical topographic map of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area is also recommended. Mark your starting point and key junctions with a pen before you begin.

Travel in Groups and Inform Someone

While Battery McKinnon is generally safe, the remote location means help may be far away in case of injury. Hike with at least one other person. If hiking solo, leave a detailed itinerary with a friend or family member, including your expected return time and the trail you’re taking.

Respect Wildlife and Historical Artifacts

This area is home to nesting seabirds, including the Western gull and peregrine falcon. Keep noise to a minimum and avoid sudden movements near cliff ledges. Never touch or remove artifacts — even a small piece of shrapnel or a rusted bolt is part of the site’s history. Document your experience with photos, not souvenirs.

Timing Your Hike

For the best experience, start your hike between 7:00 AM and 9:00 AM. Morning light illuminates the cliffs beautifully, and the fog typically burns off by midday. Avoid hiking after 4:00 PM in winter months, as daylight fades quickly and the trail becomes hazardous without artificial lighting.

Tools and Resources

Success on the Battery McKinnon hike depends on the right tools and access to reliable information. Below is a curated list of essential resources to enhance your preparation and experience.

Navigation Apps

• Gaia GPS – Offers detailed topographic maps of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, including historical trail overlays. Download offline maps for Battery McKinnon and surrounding areas.
• AllTrails – User-generated reviews and photos help identify trail conditions. Search “Battery McKinnon Trail” for recent updates on closures or erosion.
• Google Maps (Offline Mode) – Save the route from Golden Gate Bridge to Battery McKinnon. Use satellite view to spot the trail’s path before departure.

Physical Maps and Guides

• Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy Trail Map – Available for free at visitor centers or downloadable at parksconservancy.org. Includes historical markers and elevation profiles.
• “Hiking the Golden Gate” by Jeff Hull – A comprehensive guidebook with detailed descriptions of Battery McKinnon and other lesser-known trails in the area.

Weather and Tide Resources

• NOAA Marine Forecast for San Francisco – Monitor wind speed, fog, and ocean conditions at weather.gov/mfr.
• San Francisco Fog Forecast – The National Weather Service provides daily fog predictions for the coast. Check for “marine layer” forecasts before heading out.

Historical Context Resources

• National Park Service – Battery McKinnon History Page – Official documentation on the battery’s construction, military role, and preservation status: nps.gov/goga/battery-mckinnon
• Presidio Trust Archives – Access digitized blueprints and photographs of the battery’s original design: presidiotrust.gov

Equipment Checklist

Before heading out, ensure you have the following:

• Water (minimum 2 liters per person)
• High-energy snacks (trail mix, energy bars, fruit)
• Windproof and waterproof jacket
• Sturdy trail shoes with grip
• Topographic map and compass (backup to digital devices)
• Headlamp or flashlight (even for day hikes, in case of delays)
• First aid kit (bandages, antiseptic wipes, blister treatment)
• Phone with fully charged battery and offline maps
• Sunscreen and lip balm (UV exposure is high on open cliffs)
• Binoculars (for viewing wildlife and distant landmarks)

Volunteer and Educational Opportunities

For those passionate about preservation, the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy offers monthly volunteer cleanups and historical docent training at Battery McKinnon. These programs provide deeper insight into the site’s significance and allow you to contribute to its protection. Visit parksconservancy.org/volunteer to learn more.

Real Examples

Real-world experiences from hikers who’ve completed the Battery McKinnon trail provide invaluable context and inspiration. Below are three authentic accounts that illustrate the diversity of experiences possible on this route.

Example 1: The History Buff’s Journey

“I’m a retired Army veteran, and I’ve visited dozens of coastal batteries across the U.S. Battery McKinnon is one of the most intact. I came with my grandson, who’s 10, to show him what real military engineering looked like before missiles. We spent over an hour studying the gun emplacements and reading the NPS signs. The best part? No crowds. We had the whole site to ourselves. I brought my old field manual — comparing the diagrams to the actual structure was like stepping back in time.” — Robert T., San Mateo

Example 2: The Solo Hiker’s Reflection

“I was going through a rough patch — job loss, breakup — and needed to be alone with nature. I hiked Battery McKinnon at sunrise in November. The fog was so thick I could barely see my hands. Then, as the sun broke through, the entire bay opened up like a painting. I sat on the concrete ledge for 45 minutes, just breathing. I didn’t take a single photo. It was one of those moments you don’t need to capture — you just need to feel it.” — Maya L., Oakland

Example 3: The Photography Expedition

“I came with my full camera gear — tripod, ND filters, wide-angle lens. The light at golden hour hits the battery’s concrete walls at just the right angle to create long shadows and texture. I shot from the cliff edge looking back toward the bridge. The contrast between the old military structure and the modern bridge is hauntingly beautiful. I posted the photo on Instagram and it went viral — now I get DMs asking for directions. I always reply with a reminder: ‘Leave no trace. Respect the site.’” — Diego M., San Francisco

Example 4: The Family Adventure

“We’re a family of five — kids aged 7, 9, and 12. We’ve done the Presidio Loop before, but Battery McKinnon was a new challenge. We brought snacks, a portable speaker with nature sounds, and a scavenger hunt list I made: ‘Find a rusted bolt,’ ‘Spot a gull,’ ‘Count the steps to the gun platform.’ The kids loved it. We didn’t rush. We took our time. My 12-year-old said it was ‘the coolest place in San Francisco.’ That’s high praise.” — The Chen Family, Richmond District

FAQs

Is Battery McKinnon open to the public?

Yes. Battery McKinnon is part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area and is freely accessible during park hours (6:00 AM to 10:00 PM). There is no entrance fee. However, some areas may be temporarily closed for preservation work — check the NPS website before your visit.

Can I bring my dog?

Dogs are permitted on leash in most areas of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, including the trails to Battery McKinnon. However, they are not allowed within the fenced battery ruins themselves. Always clean up after your pet and avoid areas with nesting birds.

Are there restrooms at Battery McKinnon?

No. The nearest restrooms are at the Golden Gate Bridge Welcome Center or the Presidio Visitor Center. Plan accordingly.

How difficult is the hike to Battery McKinnon?

The trail is rated as moderate. It involves uneven terrain, some steep sections, and exposure to wind. The route from the Golden Gate Bridge parking area is the easiest, with a 400-foot elevation gain over 1.25 miles one way. The Lands End route is strenuous due to length and loose scree.

Is it safe to explore inside the battery tunnels?

No. The underground chambers and tunnels are structurally unsound and contain hazardous materials from the military era. Entering them is prohibited and dangerous. Observe the site from the perimeter only.

What’s the best time of year to hike Battery McKinnon?

Spring (March–May) and fall (September–November) offer the most stable weather, with less fog and moderate temperatures. Summer can be foggy in the morning but clear by afternoon. Winter brings rain and slippery trails — bring waterproof gear.

Can I drive directly to Battery McKinnon?

No. There is no vehicle access to Battery McKinnon. All visitors must hike in. The closest parking is at the Golden Gate Bridge Visitor Center or the Presidio Main Post.

Are there guided tours available?

Yes. The Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy offers occasional guided historical walks to Battery McKinnon. These are typically held on weekends in spring and fall. Check their events calendar for availability.

What should I do if I get lost?

Stay calm. If you have a GPS device or phone with offline maps, retrace your steps to the last known landmark. If you’re unsure, stay put and call 911. The National Park Service has emergency responders who can locate you via your phone signal. Do not wander further.

Can I camp near Battery McKinnon?

No. Overnight camping is not permitted in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area outside of designated campgrounds, none of which are near Battery McKinnon. This is a day-use trail only.

Conclusion

Hiking to Battery McKinnon from San Francisco is more than a walk — it’s a journey through time, landscape, and personal discovery. Unlike the crowded viewpoints of Alcatraz or the selfie-sticks of Golden Gate Bridge, this trail offers quiet communion with history and nature. The concrete ruins of a forgotten defense system stand as a testament to human ingenuity and the relentless power of the sea. The wind that howls across the cliffs carries the echoes of soldiers who once stood watch, the cries of seabirds, and the whispers of generations of hikers who came before.

By following this guide — from choosing your starting point and preparing your gear to respecting the environment and understanding the site’s significance — you ensure that your visit is not only safe and enjoyable but also meaningful. Battery McKinnon doesn’t demand much from you, but what it gives in return is profound: solitude, perspective, and a deeper connection to the land beneath your feet.

So lace up your boots, pack your water, download your map, and set out. The cliffs are waiting. The history is silent. And the view — the view is unforgettable.